I built a network in the lab with multiple PCs and switches and everything pings fine without VLANs. So why bother? What real problem do VLANs solve? My instructor says they're essential but I don't see why when the flat network already works.
I have a network with redundant links between switches and STP is blocking ports I need. I understand STP prevents loops but how do I control which ports get blocked? How do I check which switch is the root bridge? And should I use portfast on access ports?
I'm studying VLANs and I understand what a VLAN is, but the difference between trunk and access ports confuses me. When do I use each one? And what's this native VLAN thing? Why does it matter? A plain English explanation would be amazing.
I keep seeing both mentioned in my studies and they both do routing. When would you use a router vs a Layer 3 switch? Is one faster? Are there features only a router can do? Would love a clear explanation of when to pick each one in a real network design.
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